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Rhinoviruses cause the typical flu-like infection, usually harmless, insidious, and significantly milder than the real flu. Typical symptoms include a runny nose, cough, sore throat, sneezing, and in some cases a slight fever, fatigue, or headache and aching limbs. The cold usually subsides after one to two weeks, but the cough may linger longer.
SARS-CoV-2 – a wide range of symptoms
COVID-19 manifests itself in many different ways: from headaches, sore throats, fatigue, coughing, and fever to gastrointestinal problems and night sweats. Skin rashes or irritation in the mouth are also possible. The incubation period is usually four to six days. Those infected are contagious for up to ten days, or longer in severe cases.
Influenza viruses – the real flu
Influenza begins abruptly and violently: high fever, severe headache, limb pain, and a pronounced feeling of illness. This is accompanied by weakness, dry cough, sweating, and, less commonly, nausea or diarrhea. The incubation period is only one to two days, and the illness usually lasts five to seven days. People remain contagious for up to a week.
RS viruses – especially dangerous for babies
RSV is one of the most significant pathogens causing severe respiratory infections in infants and young children. Typical symptoms include bronchiolitis, pneumonia, or tracheobronchitis. Fever and whooping cough-like symptoms often occur. People are contagious even before the first symptoms appear, usually for three to eight days – but significantly longer in immunocompromised individuals.
Tips for prevention
Coughing and sneezing etiquette, regular ventilation, thorough hand washing, and wearing a mask indoors when the virus is circulating widely can help. Those who are ill should stay at home if possible and reduce contact with others, especially those in high-risk groups. Vaccinations against COVID-19, influenza, pneumococcus, and RSV (for the elderly and pregnant women) can provide additional protection.
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